Advise a policy maker Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advise a policy maker - Research Paper Example While doing this, a policymaker should ensure that they followed any of the four perspectives to public administration in order to ensure that the framework within which a policy operates achieves the desired results and objectives. In effect, failure to ensure that the policy framework was within the four perspectives to public administration will consequently make a policy inept, and its objectives to be unachievable. Based on the abovementioned, one of the best approaches that any policymaker should incorporate while making decisions, resolving, developing, and implementing a policy is the political perspective approach to public administration. By its precise nature, this perspective has to be an effective approach to any policymaker who wants to achieve a policy that was effective, efficient, and equitable in nature. In this case, the perspective contains four basic aspects that will ensure that a policymaker attained effectiveness, efficiency, and equity while developing a poli cy. These four fundamental aspects include public participation in the policy, equal representation of the public in terms of demographics and interests, the public’s responsiveness to a policy, and accountability of administrators involved in any stages of the administration of this policy. In line with this, this expose uses the political perspective to assist a policymaker resolve a problem that requires their urgent resolution. It is pertinent to explain the nature of the problem that required urgent resolution. In this case, the problem involved state government’s resolve to close all land administrations offices in the state’s precincts in order to centralize the operations in its State capital. The objective to implement this policy was to institute cost-cutting measures that would see all matters of land administration administered from the State capital. In doing this, the state had observed that the land administration offices in the precincts were not cost-effective to operate, and it was recommended that centralizing land administration would save the expenses. Nonetheless, there was a public outcry over this issue, and it was important to resolve this issue within one week in order to ensure the policy developed was effective, efficient, and equitable to the entire population in the state. The political perspective to public administration recognizes the important role of political responsiveness while developing policy. In this regard, Dahl (1971) identified the important role of the government in ensuring that the government’s policy centered on the preferences of all the citizens, who in most cases should be considered as political equals. In this regard, it is important for the policy that we are going to formulate ensure that all the demographics will feel that the policy represented them equally. In addition, it is crucial for the policymaker to consider whether the needs of each citizen in the state are considere d before implementing this policy. Furthermore, political representation cannot be attained when developing and implementing a policy without considering all the characteristics of the constituents in the state. In support of political responsiveness, Lindbloom (1992) noted the importance of considering a policy that appealed to the masses in terms of objectivity and values that the policy espouses. In view of this requirement, it is evident that the policy that the State was about to implement did not meet these requirements. First, the policy does not consider the impoverished citizens in the state who would find it challenging to seek assistance from the State ca

Human Growth and Development Essay Example for Free

Human Growth and Development Essay Within the Hispanic culture, the generations that have come before us have struggled to keep traditions alive and thriving. Putting emphasis on proper traditions and celebrations is important. Our elders believe that it will keep our heritage strong. For example, there are two holidays that I would like to discuss, that are important to the Hispanic culture. These two holiday celebrations are Christmas and Dia de los Muertos, or the Day of the Dead. Both of these holidays are celebrated enthusiastically, with food, family, music, and fun. My family takes pride in celebrating both of these holidays. The Day of the Dead, celebrated on November 1 and November 2 of each year, is a joyful holiday celebration, despite its morbid name. Death, particularly of a loved one, is celebrated as a new stage of life. Families decorate the graves with offerings such as toys, flowers, and small items that belonged to the deceased. This holiday is celebrated to honor the spirits, and life, of those who have died. One major cultural tradition that is celebrated during Christmas, other than Christmas itself, is Posada. This tradition is celebrated during the nine days before Christmas Eve. The travel of Saint Joseph and a pregnant Mary to Bethlehem is reenacted. Two statues, one of Saint Joseph and one of Mary, are carried to three predetermined house where the residents are asked for shelter. Two of those houses refuse shelter for the family. The third house accepts the plea for shelter, representing the Inn Keeper who helped the family. A Novena, a prayer with the rosary, then occurs. After the prayer there is a party. The last day of Posada is the celebration of the birth of Jesus. The two cultural traditions described above have influenced not only my own development, but they have also helped the society develop. Within my own development, the environmental exposure, combined with more modern traditions, has helped me develop my sense of self and my own morals. The culture, as taught by our elders, has showed me the importance on the family in fostering the development of others. Within the society, the Hispanic culture, as with any culture, has helped to broaden the knowledge of others. This has helped children understand that there are differences between people; not every person is the same. Question 2: Explain the difference between an experiment, a study, and a quasi experiment, using detail. An experiment is used to determine a person’s behavior and/or development by altering different characterizations of the environment. The dependent variable would represent the behavior and/or development that is expected from the experiment. The independent variable represents the measures that would be taken by the experimenter, and also represents the cause in a ‘cause and effect’ relationship. For example, if a researcher was testing treatments to slow the progression of multiple sclerosis, the type of treatment would be called the independent variable, while the lesion scans would be called the dependent variable. There are a few factors that have to be considered before considering an experiment: the control group must consist of members that are randomly selected and equal to the experimental group; the object(s) of the experiment must be accurately categorized; and all experiments must be legal. A study consists of one group or person. There is no need for a control group or experimental characteristics. The function of a study is to provide information that is collected and analyzed. Observing, testing, and interviewing are all techniques used in a study. A study can spark an interest in experimentation. A study can help form a hypothesis that can be used for experimentation. Many of the early development information were derived from using a study on individuals. The information that was gained from such studies lead to experiments changing variables, which in turn gave way to much of the information we now have published regarding human development. A quasi experiment is similar to a regular experiment except for a few details: While a normal experiment uses random selecting and control groups, the quasi experiment uses a matching technique. Quasi experimenting uses elaboration – the process of sub-classifying or reclassifying variables. Quasi experimenting also involves narrowing down the dependent variable, known as specification. Question 3: Some developmental theorists focus on culture (Bronfenbrenner and Vygotsky) and others focus on individual history and experience (Skinner and Freud). Compare and contrast these theorists’ influences and how we see human development today while referring to their theory’s strengths and weaknesses. Freud’s believed that a person’s emotions and drives are influenced by the subconscious mind. Each person is unaware of the reasons by which they strive to fill their biological needs. For example, a woman may overeat as a way of subconsciously substituting food for frustration. Bronfenbrenner believed that a person’s development was centered around their environment. The interaction between a person’s biology, family, and society determines the development of that person. Any changes in a person’s environment could also change that person’s development. Skinner used operant conditioning, which theorized that a specific behavior could be changed through reinforcement or punishment. Skinner believed that human development depended on the person’s learning experience. This theory believed that a behavior could be changed or removed with either positive or negative reinforcement. Vygotsky stressed the importance of social interaction as a fundamental role of development. Full social interaction would engage cognitive development. Vygotsky’s theory was that of a social development theory, similar in comparison to Piaget. Question 4: Nature vs. Nurture. Discuss the gene/environment debate in terms of the interaction of genetics, biology, maturation, learning, society, and culture. Nature and nurture†¦one uses our environment as a determining factor for development, while the other uses human biology as a determining factor for development. Using nature as a determining factor theorizes that human development is left to what is encoded into human DNA. With this factor, humans have no control over their own development. Using nurture theorizes that the environment controls human development. With this factor, if the environment is changed, development can also be changed. This will always be a constant debate among the psychological community because of the fact that no two people are the same, and therefore, no two people develop the same.

Lincoln :: essays research papers

Lincoln was born on Feb. 12, 1809, near Hodgenville, Kentucky, the son of Nancy Hanks and Thomas Lincoln , pioneer farmers. At the age of two he was taken by his parents to nearby Knob Creek and at eight to Spencer Co., Ind. The following year his mother died. In 1819 his father married Sarah Bush Johnston, a kindly widow. Lincoln grew up a tall, gangling youth, who could hold his own in physical contests and also showed great intellectual promise, although he had little formal education. After moving with his family to Macon Co., Ill., in 1831, he struck out on his own, taking a cargo to New Orleans, La., on a flatboat. He then returned to Illinois and settled in New Salem, a short-lived community on the Sangamon River, where he split rails and clerked in a store. He gained the respect of his fellow townspeople, including the so called Clary Grove boys, who had challenged him to fight, and was elected captain of his company in the Black Hawk War . Returning from the war, he began an unsuccessful venture in shopkeeping that ended when his partner died. In 1833 he was appointed postmaster but had to supplement his income with surveying and various other jobs. At the same time he began to study law. The story of his romance with Ann Rutledge ,a local young woman whom he knew briefly before her untimely death, is unsubstantiated. Defeated in 1832 in a race for the state legislature, Lincoln was elected on the Whig ticket two years later and served in the lower house from 1834 to 1841. He quickly emerged as one of the leaders of the party and was one of the authors of the removal of the capital to Springfield, where he settled in 1837. After his admission to the bar he entered into successive partnerships with John T. Stuart , Stephen T. Logan , and William Herndon , and soon won recognition as an effective and resourceful attorney. In 1842 Lincoln married Mary Todd , the daughter of a prominent Kentucky banker, and despite her somewhat difficult disposition, the marriage seems to have been reasonably successful. The Lincolns had four children, only one of whom reached adulthood. His birth in a slave state notwithstanding, Lincoln had long opposed slavery. In the legislature he voted against resolutions favorable to the â€Å"peculiar institution† and in 1837 was one of two members who signed a protest against it. Elected to Congress in 1846, he attracted attention because of his outspoken criticism of

Jade Stadium Redevelopment (project management) Essay -- Business and

Jade Stadium Redevelopment (project management) Introduction The redevelopment of Jade Stadium, formally Lancaster Park, has been a project in development for a number of years. It is interesting to view the processes and changes in approaches to reach compromises, that have occurred in the lead up to this project especially with the stage the redevelopment is at now, (near completion). The emphasis placed upon planning and funding has had a huge impact to not only the time frame for completion of project but at a more basic stage of whether the redevelopment would even go ahead. The information used for this review dates back only as far as January 99, but even by that stage several years work had gone into pushing and lobbying for an improved, upgraded multi purpose stadium in Christchurch. Articles giving detail to the development process, the stages of development and the politics involved in the redevelopment of Jade Stadium are taken from January 20 1999, until the October 13 2000. The majority of articles are news items taken from Christchurch’s major newspaper, ‘The Christchurch Press’. Not all information present in the articles was relevant to the review topic of, the redevelopment of jade stadium, and so this is the reason for the use of several articles, to gain enough knowledge on the topic area. Temporary and Unique The jade stadium project is one of a temporary nature. Although it may be a long and drawn out process there is definitely a definite start (realisation of a need for a revamped stadium) and finish (completion of construction and closure). With respect to the jade stadium project, those dates have constantly changed. Originally set for an early 2000-start time, that date was changed several times until finally settled for October 2000 and estimated to take 18 months to complete. A deadline that they are currently on track to meet. Like any other project, Jade Stadiums redevelopment was a unique venture, not only in its actual design, ownership and the way in which the revenue to fund the project was produced but also in the actual use of the stadium. Being a rugby and cricket facility with ground breaking technology in the form of the new drop in pitches, an invention first tried by grounds staff two years ago. The stadium revamp unlike the new Wellington stadium will be done on the existi... ...point of view or side of the story, and that in general all articles relating to the redevelopment of jade stadium, held a more positive slant or position towards the development and the development team. The key points contained within the review begin with defining the uniqueness and temporary nature of a project and how jade stadium is a one off major project. The revenue provided to support such an expensive project comes from a wide and varying plane, with the use of a business plan one of the most important tools in the development of Jade Stadium. It can be noted that a great deal of importance was placed upon the planning phase in order to do it once and do it right. And that the project followed the basic project life cycle model. References Currie, S. (1999). The Jade Board. The Press, 20 January, 1996, p 34. McGoldrick, B. (2000). What about a total Jade upgrade? The Press, 26 August, 2000, p 10. Scanlon, G. (2000). $43m plea for Jade Stadium. The Press, 7 April, 2000, p 1. Tutty, K. (1999). Progress on stadium plans. The Press, 6 August, 1999, p 22. Tutty, K. (2000). Jade Stadium access settled for five years. The Press. 14 October, 2000.

Background of the Study

Quezon City Polytechnic University Natural Science Deparment 673 Quirino Highway San Bartolome Novaliches, Quezon City â€Å" Physics for Children Website † An Advance studying of Physics in an enjoyable way An Investigatory Project Presented to the Class of Prof. Marjim Dela Cruz General Physics NATSCI102 Presented by Espinosa, Diane A. Mangalos, Ronnel S. Morales, Mary Knoll Rosales, Mary Grace Joy C. Tugano, Paolo September 28, 2011 ABSTRACT Physics is usually teach in high school and college students nowadays. It would not be easy to teach Physics in a child specially it is science ubject that usually hate by many students. The researchers want to create and make a website that children of all ages would love and learn a lot in an enjoyable way. a. Purpose To create a website about physics for children that involves games, trivia, stories, and other things that is possible for the reasercher to make. To establish studying a lesson in an enjoyable way. Also to support paren ts and teachers in norturing their kids intelligent in science subject especially physics. For the kids to know some interesting and knowledgeable news and events in the science world. And last to b. Procedure UsedFirst finding information in the internet and some references like books that would satisfy the researchers idea about the concept of their investigatory project and website. Ask some professional and ordinary person about the value of this study for the researcher to gathered ideas and opinions from them. And last check if there are possible materials to be used for this research for the succesful result of this investigatory. c. Results In finding for a suitable title for the researchers investigatory project and the main concept to do it is by creating a website the researchers finally decided to make a website for kids.It is an advance studying of physics in an enjoyable way. d. Conclusion The researchers there for conclude that it is better to create a website for chi ldren as an investigatory project to be unique and original in some aspects. It is also fun, knowledgeable and interesting to do. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researcher would like to thank God for guiding and guarding us in doing this Investigatory Project. He guide us all through the way from the beginning when we are still finding data, details and information.The researchers would also want to thank our parents in supporting us emotionally and financially. They were always there in every step of the way. Also the researcher would like to acknowledge the parent’s of Diane for letting the researcher use the computer in doing the website and typing the documentation. The researcher would also want to thank there professor who approve there abstract. We really appreciate it because we did an abstract only once while other group are not. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction a. Background of the study b. Statement of the problem/objectives . Significance of the study d. Scope and limitations e. Review of related literature Methodology a. Materials/equipment b. Treatment/general procedure Result and Discussion Conclusions Recommendations INTRODUCTION A historical approach to the development of physical theories and technological advances is adopted to highlight the humanistic aspect of science. In many instances, evolution of concepts, principles and theories is described to make you aware of the contributions of some great physicists and technologists in pushing forward the frontiers of knowledge.Physics is the branch of science that deals with the interaction between matter and energy. Understanding of its basic principles enhance your daily life and the application of physics principles pave the way to development. Life situations where these physical theories meaningful. Technological devices are presented to keep abreast with advances in science and technology. These will help people to cope with the demands of the knowledge based society of the century. Internet is a big help for those people who wants to gather knowledge in physics in a more convenient and easy way.These are many available websites about physics that offers information, knowledge, and comments. These website tackled about the physics principles in a more advance way. Many students usually depends on internet and there are also children, elementary students who wants to study physics. So here goes a website for children, an advance studying of physics with less pressure and enjoyable. A. Background of the Study B. Statement of the Problem/Objectives * How to create a website that is child friendly and reliable as a reference sources of information for students.Easy to use, understand at the same time complete with each content’s clarity. * How to establish trivia’s about physics in a way that is easy to understand. Short sentence but full of knowledge. * How to provide physicist stories about physics history story in a delightful way. Stories with pictures for b etter understanding, * What topics about physics should be included in the website for it to be valuable and knowledgeable. * Why it is important to create a children website about physics for primary and secondary students. ObjectivesTo increase the knowledge and improve the abilities and skills of the children. To prepare them for upcoming (or complex or difficult) lessons. C. Significance of the study D. Scope and Limitation This study may help to improve the health and well being of a child. It will guide the child to do the good things and avoid the bad things. The benefit of this study for the children is to have a good health and physically fit body, that can help them in their daily living and till the time will come that they are all ready grown ups. E. Review of related literatureThe National Children’s Study will examine the effects of environmental influences on the health and development of more than 100,000 children across the United States, following them from before birth until age 21. The goal of the Study is to improve the health and well-being of children. The Study defines â€Å"environment† broadly and will take a number of issues into account, including: * natural and man-made environmental factors * biological and chemical factors * physical surroundings * social factors * behavioral influences and outcomes * genetics * cultural and family influences and differences geographic locations Researchers will analyze how these elements interact with each other and what helpful and/or harmful effects they might have on children’s health. By studying children through their different phases of growth and development, researchers will be better able to understand the role of these environmental factors on health and disease. The Study will also allow scientists to find the differences that exist between groups of people, in terms of their health, health care access, disease occurrence, and other issues, so that these differenc es or disparities can be addressed.The National Children’s Study will be one of the richest research efforts geared towards studying children’s health and development and will form the basis of child health guidance, interventions, and policy for generations to come. Findings from the Study will be made available as the research progresses, making potential benefits known to the public as soon as possible. METHODOLOGY A. Materials and Equipment’s The materials needed are the following: Adobe Dreamweaver  (formerly  Macromedia Dreamweaver) is a  web development  application  originally created byMacromedia, and is now developed by  Adobe Systems, which acquired Macromedia in 2005.Dreamweaver is available for both  Mac  and  Windows  operating systems. Recent versions have incorporated support for  webtechnologies such as  CSS,  JavaScript, and various  server-side scripting  languages  and  frameworks  including  ASP,  Cold Fusion, and  PHP. Adobe Photoshop  is a  graphics editing program  developed and published by  Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe's 2003 â€Å"Creative Suite† rebranding led to Adobe Photoshop 8's renaming to Adobe Photoshop CS. Thus, Adobe Photoshop CS5 is the  12th major release  of Adobe Photoshop.The CS rebranding also resulted in Adobe offering numerous software packages containing multiple Adobe programs for a reduced price. Adobe Photoshop is released in two editions:Adobe Photoshop, and  Adobe Photoshop Extended, with the Extended having extra 3D image creation, motion graphics editing, and advanced image analysis features. [3]  Adobe Photoshop Extended is included in all of Adobe's Creative Suite offerings except Design Standard, which includes the Adobe Photoshop edition. B. Treatment and General Procedure Index/home ;! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC â€Å"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1. 0 Transitional//EN† â€Å"http://www. w3. rg/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transition al. dtd†; ;html xmlns=†http://www. w3. org/1999/xhtml†; ;head; ;meta http-equiv=†Content-Type† content=†text/html; charset=utf-8†³ /; ;title;physics4children. com/story;/title; ;style type=†text/css†; ;! — * { padding: 0; margin: 0; outline: 0; } a:link { color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration:none; } a:visited { color: #8c8a86; text-decoration:none; } a:hover { color: #99FF00; text-decoration:none; } a img { border-width:0; } #outer-wrapper { margin: 0 0; padding: 0 0; } #inner-wrapper { width:962px; margin: 0 auto; } #apDiv1 { width: 1000px; height: 270px; order-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: white; z-index: 1; float: right; } } #menu a { height: 45px; width: 200px; margin: 0 0; display: block; text-indent: -9999px; float: left; } #menu a. home { background: url(home. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. home:hover { background: url(home2. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. stories { background: url(stories. jpg) # 333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. stories:hover { background: url(stories2. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. events { background: url(events. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. events:hover { background: url(events2. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. about { ackground: url(about. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. about:hover { background: url(about2. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. comments { background: url(comments. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } #menu a. comments:hover { background: url(comment2. jpg) #333333 100% 45px; } body { background-color: #b2ffd6; background-image: url(); background-repeat: repeat; } body,td,th { color: #000; font-family: tempus sans ITC; } #apDiv2 { float: right; width:208px; height:600px; background-color:#292929; border-style:solid; border-width:1px; border-color:#FFF; z-index:2; } #apDiv3 { width:750px; height:900px; z-index:3; float: right; } –> lt;/style> 0&&parent. frames. length) { d=parent. rames[n. substring(p+1)]. document; n=n. substring( 0,p);} if(! (x=d[n])&&d. all) x=d. all[n]; for (i=0;! x&&i Simple Definition Flow of History lt;p> home | stories | events | physics4children. com Welcome KIDS! Learn Physics in an Enjoyable Way! lt;/font> Facts Physics Facts & Trivia Stories (galileo galilie) lt;div id=†apDiv2†³> Stories Galileo Galilei and the rise of physico-mathematics The Cartesian philosophy of motion Newtonian motion versus Cartesian motion Rational mechanics in the18th century The radical years: general relativity and quantum mechanics lt;p> home | stories | events | physics4children. com Stories Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) RESULT AND DISCUSSION CONCLUSION Background of the Study Quezon City Polytechnic University Natural Science Deparment 673 Quirino Highway San Bartolome Novaliches, Quezon City â€Å" Physics for Children Website † An Advance studying of Physics in an enjoyable way An Investigatory Project Presented to the Class of Prof. Marjim Dela Cruz General Physics NATSCI102 Presented by Espinosa, Diane A. Mangalos, Ronnel S. Morales, Mary Knoll Rosales, Mary Grace Joy C. Tugano, Paolo September 28, 2011 ABSTRACT Physics is usually teach in high school and college students nowadays. It would not be easy to teach Physics in a child specially it is science ubject that usually hate by many students. The researchers want to create and make a website that children of all ages would love and learn a lot in an enjoyable way. a. Purpose To create a website about physics for children that involves games, trivia, stories, and other things that is possible for the reasercher to make. To establish studying a lesson in an enjoyable way. Also to support paren ts and teachers in norturing their kids intelligent in science subject especially physics. For the kids to know some interesting and knowledgeable news and events in the science world. And last to b. Procedure UsedFirst finding information in the internet and some references like books that would satisfy the researchers idea about the concept of their investigatory project and website. Ask some professional and ordinary person about the value of this study for the researcher to gathered ideas and opinions from them. And last check if there are possible materials to be used for this research for the succesful result of this investigatory. c. Results In finding for a suitable title for the researchers investigatory project and the main concept to do it is by creating a website the researchers finally decided to make a website for kids.It is an advance studying of physics in an enjoyable way. d. Conclusion The researchers there for conclude that it is better to create a website for chi ldren as an investigatory project to be unique and original in some aspects. It is also fun, knowledgeable and interesting to do. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researcher would like to thank God for guiding and guarding us in doing this Investigatory Project. He guide us all through the way from the beginning when we are still finding data, details and information.The researchers would also want to thank our parents in supporting us emotionally and financially. They were always there in every step of the way. Also the researcher would like to acknowledge the parent’s of Diane for letting the researcher use the computer in doing the website and typing the documentation. The researcher would also want to thank there professor who approve there abstract. We really appreciate it because we did an abstract only once while other group are not. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction a. Background of the study b. Statement of the problem/objectives . Significance of the study d. Scope and limitations e. Review of related literature Methodology a. Materials/equipment b. Treatment/general procedure Result and Discussion Conclusions Recommendations INTRODUCTION A historical approach to the development of physical theories and technological advances is adopted to highlight the humanistic aspect of science. In many instances, evolution of concepts, principles and theories is described to make you aware of the contributions of some great physicists and technologists in pushing forward the frontiers of knowledge.Physics is the branch of science that deals with the interaction between matter and energy. Understanding of its basic principles enhance your daily life and the application of physics principles pave the way to development. Life situations where these physical theories meaningful. Technological devices are presented to keep abreast with advances in science and technology. These will help people to cope with the demands of the knowledge based society of the century. Internet is a big help for those people who wants to gather knowledge in physics in a more convenient and easy way.These are many available websites about physics that offers information, knowledge, and comments. These website tackled about the physics principles in a more advance way. Many students usually depends on internet and there are also children, elementary students who wants to study physics. So here goes a website for children, an advance studying of physics with less pressure and enjoyable. A. Background of the Study B. Statement of the Problem/Objectives * How to create a website that is child friendly and reliable as a reference sources of information for students.Easy to use, understand at the same time complete with each content’s clarity. * How to establish trivia’s about physics in a way that is easy to understand. Short sentence but full of knowledge. * How to provide physicist stories about physics history story in a delightful way. Stories with pictures for b etter understanding, * What topics about physics should be included in the website for it to be valuable and knowledgeable. * Why it is important to create a children website about physics for primary and secondary students. ObjectivesTo increase the knowledge and improve the abilities and skills of the children. To prepare them for upcoming (or complex or difficult) lessons. C. Significance of the study D. Scope and Limitation This study may help to improve the health and well being of a child. It will guide the child to do the good things and avoid the bad things. The benefit of this study for the children is to have a good health and physically fit body, that can help them in their daily living and till the time will come that they are all ready grown ups. E. Review of related literatureThe National Children’s Study will examine the effects of environmental influences on the health and development of more than 100,000 children across the United States, following them from before birth until age 21. The goal of the Study is to improve the health and well-being of children. The Study defines â€Å"environment† broadly and will take a number of issues into account, including: * natural and man-made environmental factors * biological and chemical factors * physical surroundings * social factors * behavioral influences and outcomes * genetics * cultural and family influences and differences geographic locations Researchers will analyze how these elements interact with each other and what helpful and/or harmful effects they might have on children’s health. By studying children through their different phases of growth and development, researchers will be better able to understand the role of these environmental factors on health and disease. The Study will also allow scientists to find the differences that exist between groups of people, in terms of their health, health care access, disease occurrence, and other issues, so that these differenc es or disparities can be addressed.The National Children’s Study will be one of the richest research efforts geared towards studying children’s health and development and will form the basis of child health guidance, interventions, and policy for generations to come. Findings from the Study will be made available as the research progresses, making potential benefits known to the public as soon as possible. METHODOLOGY A. Materials and Equipment’s The materials needed are the following: Adobe Dreamweaver  (formerly  Macromedia Dreamweaver) is a  web development  application  originally created byMacromedia, and is now developed by  Adobe Systems, which acquired Macromedia in 2005.Dreamweaver is available for both  Mac  and  Windows  operating systems. Recent versions have incorporated support for  webtechnologies such as  CSS,  JavaScript, and various  server-side scripting  languages  and  frameworks  including  ASP,  Cold Fusion, and  PHP. Adobe Photoshop  is a  graphics editing program  developed and published by  Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe's 2003 â€Å"Creative Suite† rebranding led to Adobe Photoshop 8's renaming to Adobe Photoshop CS. Thus, Adobe Photoshop CS5 is the  12th major release  of Adobe Photoshop.The CS rebranding also resulted in Adobe offering numerous software packages containing multiple Adobe programs for a reduced price. Adobe Photoshop is released in two editions:Adobe Photoshop, and  Adobe Photoshop Extended, with the Extended having extra 3D image creation, motion graphics editing, and advanced image analysis features. [3]  Adobe Photoshop Extended is included in all of Adobe's Creative Suite offerings except Design Standard, which includes the Adobe Photoshop edition. B. Treatment and General Procedure Index/home ;! 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Haitians in Miami essays

Haitians in Miami essays Alex Stepick III examines the underlying causes and consequences of the Haitian presence in Miami and finds: (1) A consistent U.S. federal policy designed to repress the flow of Haitian refugees to Miami that was impeded by its own illegality, by political support from Black Americans and national church, civil, and human rights organizations, and by the coincidental arrival and initial welcome of Mariel Cuban refugees. (2) A contrast between negative stereotypes of the Haitians and the reality of a diverse Haitian population, with some having comfortable middle-class life-styles and others being among the countrys most suffering immigrants. (3) Their difficulties, afflicting even those relatively well-off Haitians. He asserts that these difficulties do not occur because of Haitians attitudes, behaviors, or skills. Rather, the majority of the Miamians have discriminated against Haitians. 1970s: A wave of hysteria swept the people of south Florida. There was an unfounded fear that tuberculosis was endemic among Haitians. Many Haitians lost their jobs, and negative stereotypes and fears of Haitians became firmly embedded in the general south Florida population. There was this stereotype that Haitians were disease-ridden, uneducated and unskilled. This was misleading and unfounded. Often Haitian refugees were semiskilled, had some education. A typical refugee had completed only an average of four to six years of formal education. Fewer than 5 percent had graduated from high school. Members of south Floridas political elite-including Democratic party members, elected officials, and some Cubans-believed that the boat people were a disruptive force, destroying the community and draining public resources. The INS expends a far greater effort in controlling the flow of Haitians than before. 1980s: Centers for Disease Control announced that ...

Are Video Games Good For Children Children And Young People Essay Essays

Are Video Games Good For Children Children And Young People Essay Essays Are Video Games Good For Children Children And Young People Essay Essay Are Video Games Good For Children Children And Young People Essay Essay For that affair, are video games good for grownups. Has anyone of all time seen the effects of drawn-out exposure to video games and the effects it has on persons household or the community? As a male parent, I have dealt with negative effects of picture games foremost manus. There have been legion surveies and arguments on the topic of picture games and the effects, whether positive or negative, they have on kids. Video games are non good for kids because of the negative effects to a kid s behaviour and overall wellness. Violent inclinations Childs that play violent orientated picture games have displayed violent inclinations toward others. There have been legion surveies and research conducted, on violent picture games played by kids, which suggest that kids may go more aggressive after playing ( Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2010 ) those types of games and the decision behind this logical thinking, are three traits of the personality, which are high neurosis , disagreeableness , and low degrees of conscientiousness ( Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2010 ) . Playing violent orientated picture games cause kids to move and believe sharply ( Harvard Mental Health Letter, 2010 ) . These conditions may do kids to perpetrate violent Acts of the Apostless or behaviour. Violent Behavior In add-on to increased aggression, kids who play violent picture games are associated with increased violent behaviour ( Souccar, 2012 ) . Because of this behaviour, there have been multiple ugly Acts of the Apostless such as the Virginia Tech shots where a gunslinger killed over 30 people in 2007 ( Lee, Finley, 2011 ) . In 1999, another lay waste toing act in Columbine, Colorado, two teenage gunslingers entered a school with arms, killed 12 pupils and a instructor, before taking their ain lives ( Belanger, Wagner, 2011 ) . Eric Harris and Dylan Kiebold were frequent participants and plan subscribers to a violent picture game called Doom ( Lee, Finley, 2011 ) . Children or teens, that do non perpetrate violent Acts of the Apostless, may still expose diseased behaviour. Pathologic Behavior Childs that play video games exhibit diseased behaviour. There are many warning marks of diseased behaviour, such as lying approximately or concealing how much clip is exhausted playing or disobeying parental bounds ; losing involvement in athleticss and avocations ; taking the game over clip with friends ; and go oning to play despite plumping classs ( Wagner, 2008 ) . This is a really huffy topic in my family. My 13 twelvemonth old step-son has exhibited diseased behaviour because of video games. When the neighbour s childs come to inquire him to play outdoors, he refuses and has continued playing his games. His classs at school have suffered because he does non concentrate on making his prep and concerns more about playing video games. He has told a few prevarications, thrown fits, kicked walls and our lavation machine, and is invariably disrespectful to his siblings, my married woman and myself. My step-son has besides exhibits marks of video game dependence. Video Game Addictions Children with video game dependences, if left untreated, could hold black effects as grownups. There are 1000000s of people all over the universe who love to play video games, either on game systems or on-line societal media, but that love for the picture games turns into calamity for those with video game dependences. Harmonizing to Lee and Finley ( 2011 ) , a twosome in Korea went to a local constitution to feed their picture game dependence, merely to return place over five hours subsequently to happen their four month old babe miss dead because she was left entirely. Besides harmonizing to Lee and Finley ( 2011 ) , parents in Reno, Nevada were arrested after their compulsion with video games caused them to pretermit to feed their two immature kids . Addition of Video Game Addictions The addition of video games dependences has prompted the gap of clinics in states such as the Netherlands, United States, China, and other states around the universe, to assist battle the effects of video game dependence ( Belanger, Wagner, 2011 ) . Besides stated, by Belanger and Wagner ( 2011 ) , the Council on Science and Public Health late proposed adding picture bet oning dependence to a list of formal upsets, such as drug dependence . Video game dependences and its symptoms mirror other dependences so closely, that it was about classified as an official psychiatric upset ( Lee, Finley, 2011 ) by the American Medical Association ( AMA ) in 2007. With all of the negative effects of picture games, such as dependences, there are good picture games kids can play. Good Video Games There are many pictures games that are good for kids. Over the past few old ages, there have been many progresss in good picture games and game systems, such as the Wii from Nintendo and the EyeToy Kinetic from Sony, which engage the participants with the game ( Barros, et Al, 2012 ) . I and my household have played games on both systems, The Wii system accountant is held by the participant which controls the actions of the embodiment on the screen. The Kinetic system is similar, but the participant controls the motion of the embodiment with his/her organic structure motions through the usage of a camera. One game that is used to bring on physical activity, with both bet oning systems, is a game called Dance, Dance, Dance ( Barros, et Al, 2012 ) . The participants are actively involved in the games that they are playing and are increasing their bosom rate and physical activity. These Exergames ( Barros, et Al, 2012 ) are advancing exercising and physical fittingness. Even though th ere are good picture games, there are still other negative effects, such as inaction from playing non-active games, which may bring on childhood fleshiness. Childhood Obesity For kids that do non hold entree to those types of games, ca nt afford the games, or merely do nt care to play them, frequently play the games that they have, for long periods of clip, which leads to the deficiency of physical activity, and the oncoming of childhood fleshiness ( Childhood Obesity, n.d. ) . A study, issued by the U.S. Department of Health A ; Human Services, mentions a few grounds kids may play picture games for long periods of clip. It may be the deficiency of parental control, being left entirely by their parents for hours at a clip, or merely holding to remain indoors because of safety concerns ( Childhood Obesity, n.d. ) . There is a turning concern, from parents such as myself, that kids are going lazy from the deficiency of exercising because of video games. This deficiency of exercising contributes to burden addition and fleshiness. I have a personal connexion with this topic because a member of my household was invariably playing picture games, non acquiring any physical exercising, became a societal castaway, and over a short period of clip became corpulent. Video Games Are Not Good Video games are non good for kids because some kids exhibit excessively many diseased behaviours and expose violent inclinations because of video games. Children become addicted to video games which may transport over into their maturity ; they may lose all sense of world, and their dependence to video games may go so terrible, that calamities happen because of that dependence. For other kids, they may go corpulent because of the deficiency of physical activity. There are an copiousness of good picture games for kids to play, but as a parent, I have been a informant to most of these negative effects for over 10 old ages and I am non traveling to allow my step-son or any of my kids play video games overly. I will command how much clip is spent playing video games ; do certain that they take extended periods off from video games to acquire their prep completed and to acquire day-to-day exercising.

Acid Rain Essays (310 words) - Carbonates, Acid Rain, Free Essays

Acid Rain Essays (310 words) - Carbonates, Acid Rain, Free Essays Acid Rain Acid Rain Acid rain forms high in the clouds in a gaseous form. Theses gasses stay in the atmosphere until they come in contact with rain that dissolves the gasses. A mild solution of sulfuric and nitric acid is formed. These drops fall to the earth and get into our water table beneath the surface. From there they are collected into streams, rivers, and lakes that eventually will lead to the ocean. Rain isn't the only form acidity falls to the earth. About half of all the acidity falls back through dry deposition as gasses and dry particles. The wind blows the acid particles onto cars, homes, trees, and buildings. The acid discharge is then washed from the surfaces by rain. The runoff adds to the acid already in the rain. And adds to the acidity of the water. Air pollution isn't the only way acid rain forms. Lightning is nature's way of forming acid rain. When lightning strikes, it breaks nitrogen's triple bond, it then combines with O2 and then with water in the atmosphere to form HNO3 Acid rain changes the pH of lakes and oceans, which can affect the lives of plants and animals that live there. The rain also reacts to buildings made of marble. Marble is made out of Calcium Carbonate and when mixed with acid rain it forms Carbonic acid. This acid will decompose further to Carbon dioxide and water. This will dissolve the marble buildings. Countries with a great acid rain problem have been forced to encase their sculptures in a transparent case to prevent corrosion. The only way to try to prevent it from occurring is by scrubbing the coal. This process gets rid of the sulfur impurities that could be extracted from the coal. This solution is very expensive but is the only way to remove the sulfur from the coal.

How Does Gender Affect Overall Job Satisfaction Essay

How Does Gender Affect Overall Job Satisfaction - Essay Example Is there a difference in the overall job satisfaction (OJS) among men and women who are members of the American Intellectual Union? This is the main question that this paper hopes to answer. The sample for this study is composed mostly by males (74%). Standard deviation cannot be computed for gender since this data is nominal. Respondents were asked to rate their overall job satisfaction through the scale of 1 (least satisfied) to 7 (most satisfied). Table 1 below shows the OJS score provided by males and females. Average OJS for the entire sample was computed at 5.172 which is relatively high in the scale. Overall standard deviation is at 0.979582 which means that the variation in the scores for overall job satisfaction is small. However, it is important to note that females registered a higher average overall job satisfaction at 5.27 compared to males (5.14). Standard deviation of OJS scores among males is at 0.97 while variation in the OJS scores in females was computed at 1.20. While both standard deviation scores are low, females registered higher variation possibly due to less sample size. The results of this study is not conclusive because data was limited. Moreover, to determine the connection between gender and overall job satisfaction scores, it is important to run other statistical procedures such as the chi square test or other test for correlation. By using charts, it was easy to see that most female respondents provided higher OJS scores, but that there were too few of them.

The consumers awareness regarding Walmart Essay

The consumers awareness regarding Walmart - Essay Example The firm that is analyzed in the paper is Walmart as one of the leading retail stores, which was founded in the year 1962. It delivers a pleasurable and suitable experience of shopping to its broad range of customers worldwide. Currently, there are 629 stores of Walmart operating its business functions throughout the United States. It has been identified that Walmart possesses a significant range that exceeds 10,130 units of retail stores and carrying out its business operations in 27 countries throughout the world. In the financial year of 2012, the present sales of Walmart amount to US$ 443 billion and it engages a significant number of associates globally. In the article â€Å"Company Spotlight: Walmart Stores, Inc.†, it has been observed that Walmart generally executes through few of the business sections that include â€Å"Walmart US†, â€Å"Sam’s Club† and â€Å"Walmart International† throughout the world. The main purpose or vision of Walmart lies in its policy of ‘saving money of the people’ and to help the people to live well in this world. Moreover, the organization also has delivered various financial prospects especially upon its related industry i.e. retail industry and has altered the nature of the business that the organization executes worldwide. In addition, Walmart enhanced the overall impact upon the retail industry and ultimately increased the potentials of the customers in spite of operating in different countries where the customers shop (Walmart Corporate, 2012). It has been observed that in the year 2011, Walmart attained various awards such as â€Å"Corporate Environmental Excellence for Walmart Canada† and â€Å"Top Organizations for Multicultural Business Opportunities† among others for various efforts that were performed by Walmart while executing its business operations (Walmart Corporate, 2012). Most people are fully aware regarding the business operations and functions of Walmart and its deliverance of broad variety of quality products. In the study, there has been a conduct of various research and online questionnaires regarding the frequency of visit of wide range of customers to Walmart. Moreover, the research also has assisted to explore whether people are familiar with the corporate practices of Walmart. Methods A survey method has been conducted with the public or the customers as respondents in order to acquire a general idea regarding their valuable opinions upon Walmart. An online questionnaire has been designed in order to accomplish the research. The purpose of this survey is to trace the number of people who possess the experience of shopping with Walmart, reasons behind the selection of Walmart as their shopping destination compared to others and the description of the products that people generally purchase from Walmart. Moreover, the purpose of this survey has been also to trace how often people do shopping at Walmart along with acq uiring a general idea regarding the knowledge of the people about the corporate practices of Walmart. In addition, the questionnaire in the survey is also based upon whether anyone has done any shopping or has not possessed the shopping experience with Walmart. If any person replied that they do not possess or have not done any shopping at Walmart then they had to respond the following question i.e. ‘For what reasons do you chose not to shop at Walmart?’ In the questionnaire, the questions also include the judgment of the people, whether Walmart is a good place to work or not. Apart from the above questions that have been mentioned in the questionnaire, the initial or the primary questions include the gender i.e. whether the customer or the respondent is female or male, the age of the respondent and the status of the respondent or the customers i.e. whether the respondent is an employee, student or others. The questionnaire that has been designed in order to conduct the research study was fundamentally provided to a sum total of 50 people who

A Review of Literature on How to Manage International Joint Venture

A of on How to Manage International Joint Venture Successfully - Literature review Example An IJV represents a relationship between voluntary cooperative partner companies, in which these companies maintain their independence and objectives. However, in the frame strategic alliances, an antonym of cooperative behavior is opportunistic behavior, the latter being understood as mismatch of expectations and preferences (current or future) of one partner (Michael and Louis, 1989). Key moderating measures of opportunism are increased control over the IJV by members in order to receive a portion of fair income (Feya and Beamishb, 1999). Discussion Among the various models of cooperation, international joint ventures are considered as the preferred mode of entry by firms (Reinier and Maria, 2009). However, the rate of failure of these organizational forms remains high. In addition, the IJVs are known for their fragility and their heterogeneous performance (Reinier and Maria, 2009). Several cases of IJV experience a failure due to the emergence of a conflict between the partners. A mong these cases, we can cite the example of the partnership between the French group Danone and Chinese Wahaha established in the beverage industry (Pothukuchi et al., 2002). The two groups signed an agreement in 1996 to create a joint venture, Wahaha Joint Venture Company, with 51% owned by Danone and 49% owned by the Chinese partner. After nearly a decade of fruitful collaboration, the relationship deteriorated and conflicts erupted in 2006. Indeed, Danone discovered that its partner violated non-competition clauses specified in the contract. The Chinese products are similar to those marketed by Danone. This conflict led the transfer in 2009 of shares in Danone joint entity with its Chinese partner. Studies on international joint ventures have dealt with various topics: the choice of partner, the formation of international joint venture, control mechanisms and inter-firm trust and the performance of the alliance. Some of them are focused on the instability of IJV (Reinier and Mar ia, 2009) and particularly on the determinants that affect the outcome of this relationship. In contrast to our knowledge, a few studies have attempted to introduce management tools that can help enterprises to manage conflicts. In this context, the work of Mjoen and Tallman (2003) proposed a management tool change during the phase of post-merger integration and acquisition. The purpose of this article is to provide the first theoretical approach to educating managers of joint ventures to develop management tools to manage crisis conflicts. These conflicts can occur throughout the formation process of IJV, hence the need to mobilize. Indeed, despite the large number of conflict researches and those on IJV crisis management, few of them are interested in bringing these two issues together (Mjoen and Tallman, 2003). It is in this context that our research will follow the following plan: firstly, this research focuses on the instability and conflict in the IJV and secondly, this resear ch provides the tools of crisis management and discusses how to better manage the conflict within the framework of the partnership relations. The International Joint Ventures and Conflict The Instability of International Joint Ventures The international joint venture is a form of alliance between companies involving creation of a new independent legal structure

Case assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Case 2 - Assignment Example Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). When talking about the extrinsic rewards than the name of Performance management or Appraisal comes in the mind instantaneously (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). The subject of Performance management is quite common nowadays and we can find a huge amount of researches and literature on this mounting issue (Dag & Von, 2007). Organizations nowadays become extremely eager as far as facilitating their employees is concerned because of number of reasons. As the turnover of the employees increases as so the strategies to retain them also increase. We have selected the job role of a sales representative for this analysis. Sales representative is the person who is in direct contact with the customers of the company in terms of giving feedback to them (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). The performance management that should be impose is 360 degree. Performance usually has two different dimensions which predominantly are, achieving the business result and developed individual competencies. The topic of performance appraisal is now seen as a bureaucratic paper work which does not take seriously because it has minimal effect and impact on the development of employees (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). Performance Appraisal never asked the questions regarding the development and career advancement of an employee but competent mapping 360 degree would focus on how and why performance can be measured and developed. By utilizing the same a company could easily judge the performance of an employee and gives all sort of benefits to them (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009) Motivational theory based on cognitive psychology. It proposes that people are motivated by their conscious expectations of what will happen if they do certain things, and are more productive when they believe their expectations

Hsa 520 week 7 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hsa 520 week 7 - Coursework Example In the purview of HIS, every patient’s healthcare record is maintained punctiliously while ensuring that confidential information is secure. Health care information professionals endure the responsibility of keeping, updating and ensuring that the healthcare information of the patient is safe. Physicians, medical laboratories, use this information and the management of the healthcare organization in their bid to ameliorate the services provided (Maria 2012). HIS exist in a myriad of ways, such as patient care applications, management and enterprise systems, e-health applications and strategic decision support applications. Each of these applications has specific benefits to health care organizations. Technology presents opportunities of providing health care in an effective and efficient manner. The advent of smart phones and tablets has made the use of patient care applications possible. Mobile technology makes use of Patient Care Applications to manage the information of patients. By 2017, mHealth’s market is postulated as $26 billion. In a hospital setting, the Patient Care applications are important since Physicians and nurses have time constraints and these applications present caregivers with relevant patient information at the point of care provision. In effect, this encourages collaborative decision-making process and errors are reduced (Skidmore 2013). With this information system, caregivers do not frustrate patients with similar questions from time to time. The patients have a heightened quality of services and experiences in the health care organization. In surgery, the Patient Care Applications play a key role. During surgeries, doctors often need to access information, both prior to the operation and during the operation. Some applications can help the surgeon monitor and guide his actions during the operation

Case assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Case 2 - Assignment Example Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). When talking about the extrinsic rewards than the name of Performance management or Appraisal comes in the mind instantaneously (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). The subject of Performance management is quite common nowadays and we can find a huge amount of researches and literature on this mounting issue (Dag & Von, 2007). Organizations nowadays become extremely eager as far as facilitating their employees is concerned because of number of reasons. As the turnover of the employees increases as so the strategies to retain them also increase. We have selected the job role of a sales representative for this analysis. Sales representative is the person who is in direct contact with the customers of the company in terms of giving feedback to them (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). The performance management that should be impose is 360 degree. Performance usually has two different dimensions which predominantly are, achieving the business result and developed individual competencies. The topic of performance appraisal is now seen as a bureaucratic paper work which does not take seriously because it has minimal effect and impact on the development of employees (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009). Performance Appraisal never asked the questions regarding the development and career advancement of an employee but competent mapping 360 degree would focus on how and why performance can be measured and developed. By utilizing the same a company could easily judge the performance of an employee and gives all sort of benefits to them (William N. Zelman, M.J.M.N.D.G. 2009) Motivational theory based on cognitive psychology. It proposes that people are motivated by their conscious expectations of what will happen if they do certain things, and are more productive when they believe their expectations

Controlling Carbon emissions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Controlling Carbon emissions - Essay Example Carbon sequestration is a component of CCS (carbon capture and storage). CCS aims at capturing carbon dioxide, transporting it to the place of storage and finally ensuring it is safely stored. Of all the available storage options, carbon geosequestration may be the most viable. This is because the process of geosequestration is characterized by ability to handle large volumes of gases at long periods of time. The process of geosequestration has not been commercially proven to be viable. However, it has been applied in processes of extraction oil. Carbon dioxide gas is injected into oil reservoirs. It pushes the oil up due to pressure improving the rate at which oil is flowing out. Carbon dioxide remains in the reservoirs hence, it is stored (Metz, B., Davidson, O., Swart, R., and Pan, J. 153). The process of carbon sequestration is being investigated in several parts of the world. Demonstrations are being undertaken to determine how safe and feasible this process is. The oldest demon stration has been operation since 1996 (Goulder. and Mathai, 36-37). This is the Sleipner project which store approximately 1 million tons of carbon dioxide annually. Canada has the largest project (Weyburn project) of carbon sequestration which stores about 1.5 million tons of carbon every year in its process of oil extraction. ... and Mathai, 38). Cost of Carbon Sequestration High costs pose a great challenge to carbon sequestration. It is estimated that a ton of carbon dioxide costs more than 30 dollars to sequestrate (Grubler, Nakicenovic, and Nordhaus, eds. 112). There are great technical difficulties in reducing these costs given current levels of technology. There is technological knowhow and mechanisms of separating carbon dioxide and hydrogen. However, the capital and costs of operations are quite high. This is mainly because these technologies are preferably applied in fossil fuel combustion. There are is need for more research and development in this field in order to reduce the costs of carbon sequestration. Costs of mitigating leakages of carbon dioxide form the ground are also very high. If this gas’ concentration is stabilized at double preindustrial levels, a 1% leakage is tantamount to around 850 billion dollars annually up to 2095 (Kauppi 98).therefore, a leakage of around 1 percent or l ess poses an intolerable transfer of cost to future generations. However, there is no empirical evidence that 1 % or less carbon dioxide is leaked from reservoirs. This further increases the uncertainty of costs meaning that the economic burden of carbon sequestration might even be higher than anticipated (Kauppi 105). Potential problems of carbon sequestration There are three main problems of carbon sequestration. These are; Storage security, heightened energy consumption and lack of large-scale practicality. Storage security involves the potential danger of storing carbon dioxide at very high pressure levels. Any technology used in injecting carbon dioxide is susceptible to human errors. Such an error would cause loses in property worth millions and thousands of

Communication Barriers Essay Example for Free

Communication Barriers Essay Environmental factors can affect the communication between the older adult and the nurse (Ruan Lambert, 2007). Some of these factors provided by older adults included not being familiar with the hospital floor, dark rooms, loud noises, the amount of patients needing attention (especially when their illness is severe), visitors and family and the age difference between the older adult and the nurse (Ruan Lambert, 2007). The age difference could potentially make a patient feel as though they have very little in common with the nurse (Ruan Lambert, 2007). It is important that nurses recognize these environmental factors because of the significance of the nurse and patient relationship. Nurse Barriers Four key barriers that impact the patient and nurse relationship are recognized in the results of a questionnaire research project (Ruan Lambert, 2007). The four barriers include â€Å"working without a sincere attitude, showing no respect to elderly patients, being unfriendly, and transferring a sense of hopelessness to the patient† (Ruan Lambert, 2007). Ruan and Lambert (2007) continue by mentioning that nurse’s focus more on the communication aspects of physical activity, whereas the patients are more attracted to the physical process of verbal communication. Patient Barriers Three key barriers are established throughout the results of the questionnaire. These results include â€Å"not trusting the nurse, being hearing-impaired, and pretending to understand† (Ruan Lambert, 2007). The number one barrier of communication differs between the nurses and the older adults. The nurses listed the top barrier to be because the patient is not feeling well and forgets things easily, whereas the patients identified the top barrier to be related to hearing difficulties (Ruan Lambert, 2007). Resources Understanding the risks involving communication barriers, it is important to be aware of the resources available to give patients the holistic care that they deserve. McCabe (2004) asserted, â€Å"Patient-centered communication has been shown to promote patients’ satisfaction with care, as well as their health status† (as cited in Ruan and Lambert, 2008). Mui et al. (2007) state if an individual is not fluent in the language provided by the Health Care Provider it may cause feelings of humiliation and result in not seeking health care. According to ED Management (2012) language support for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) is obligatory by law if the hospital obtains federal funds. It is suggested that a professional interpreter be present throughout the care of a client to minimize the communication barriers that could result in negative consequences (ED Management, 2012). If the professional interpreter services are not available, insufficient clarification and comprehension can be considered prejudiced towards those in which don’t use English as a first language (Mui et al., 2007). Another resource available would be providing the patient with a social worker to further their care. This would allow the social worker to assess additional needs of medical care, mental health, and other services available (Mui et al., 2007). Additionally, Mui et al. (2007) states that the social workers can access other organizations that could provide the professional interpreter. Having a family member involved in the care of the patient allows for improved communication. Badger, Clarke, Pumphry, and Clifford (2012) suggest that family members take the time to write down words and phrases in both their preferred language along with English to assist in communication when the family is not available. In several situations when a professional interpreter is not available, the family will be asked to interpret to provide the health care professionals with more accurate communication (Badger et al., 2012). Northern Health provides an interpreter service in which you request through your general practitioner when you book an appointment (Northern Health, 2013). The Transcultural and Language Services Department (TALS) provide interpreting services, translation of medical content, along with research and education (Northern Health, 2013). Application of Personal Experience After further research, there are several actions that I will do differently when working with a client that uses English as a second language. I strongly believe that professional translation services must always be available in our health care system despite the need for funding. Reviewing the data related to the number of older adults that use English as a second language, it is essential that translation services be implemented. With this knowledge, I will provide my patient with the information regarding a professional interpreter and see if that is an option they would want involved in their care. Included in the information I would provide to the patient would be that â€Å"addressing language needs of older immigrants would reduce linguistic disparities, improve access to health care, and eventually improve the health status† (Kim et al., 2011). I believe that providing education on the reasons why this resource would be beneficial to their overall health and care would allow the patient to find it more incising rather than feeling humiliated. It is my responsibility as a student nurse to provide additional resources in which are out of my scope of support in order to give the best holistic care for the patient. Delivering information to the patient on the further resources that social workers are able to access may draw further interest to the patient. I feel that involving a social worker would be beneficial to anyone’s care despite the reasoning for being in the hospital. For example, the research provided stated that older adults tend to not reach out to health care resources because they feel humiliated. Providing a social worker would then allow further care whether it involved health care needs, financial assistance, or the use of an interpreter.

Islam And Human Cloning Religion Essay

Islam And Human Cloning Religion Essay Advances in medical technology in the contemporary world have promised several answers to issues that have remained of concern in medicine. The current advancements in the field of human cloning for example have created new hopes in the minds of most medical professionals and the general public especially in the case of dealing with the emerging and re-emerging infectious and non-infectious diseases (Klotzko, 2001). However, the development of cloning as a technological advancement though anticipated has raised enormous questions with heated debates being raised about the issue. Though it has became a matter of normality for debates to occur in the field of science, scientists, scholars, politicians and religious groups have been the major groups concerned with issues of science. Among the debates concerned with human cloning entails the religious views and arguments. With various religions holding varying arguments and attitudes towards cloning of human beings, the issue has raised several religious ideas (Sadeghi, 2007). In my research, I aim at addressing the various perspectives about human cloning that the Islamic religion holds. In the exploration of the debate about human cloning, I will also make distinct attempts to identify the various risks as well as benefits that are accrued through the procedures involved in human cloning as well as the general aspect. However, my major emphasis will be on the cloning means for religious concerns around conception and life. Further in the paper, I will assess the moral status of the human embryo which has formed the major area of current debate in the Islamic teachings and later conclude the paper with the assessment of the truth behind the religious debates. Outline Introduction Brief context (as show above) Thesis statement- The development of cloning as a technological advancement though anticipated has raised enormous questions with heated debates being raised about the issue especially in the religious field. Description of structure of argument Section 1: The ethical debate surrounding human cloning Paragraph 1- The global debate on human cloning technology. Revisit Klotzko Paragraph 2- Criticisms and skepticism surrounding human cloning Revisit Cahill, Sadeghi and Caplan. Paragraph 3- Issue of ethics and the reaction of governments and key resolutions. Revisit Klotzko Section 2: Implications of Human Cloning Paragraphs 1 and 2- The negative consequences of human cloning (moral and ethical issues). Revisit Howie, Cahill, Gillon, Klotzko Paragraph 3- Benefits of human cloning technology especially in therapeutics. The views of proponents. Revisit Willgoos and Agnihotri Section 3: Human Cloning and Islam Paragraph 1: Islamic debates about cloning as a technology and the key tenets of their religious views. Revisit Sadeghi, Voneky Wolfrum Section 3.1: Human Cloning and Ethics in Islam Paragraphs 1-5: Describes the Islamic social teachings, beliefs, morals and values. The issue of human cloning and human life will be explored. Revisit Howie, Cahill and Klotzko. Section 3.2: Conception and Islamic Religion Paragraphs 1 -2: The Islamic views about conception and life and their connection to human cloning. Use Sadeghi and Al-Mazkur et al. Section 4: Conclusion and Recommendations Annotated Bibliography Cahill, L. S. (2006). Bioethics. Theological Studies, 67: 1, pp 120+. Accessed on 8th February 2011 from This is a journal article that addresses the issue of stem cell research in bioethics literature. The article describes various calls for the banning of the human cloning project and the reaction of governments towards the issue. Further, the article explores debates about the moral status of embryos according to theological perspectives. This article holds strong relevance to my research as it addresses the moral status of the embryo which is the central point in human cloning and Islamic religion. Howie, J. (2002). Ethical Issues for a New Millennium. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press. Accessed on 8th February 2011 from This is an edited book that outlines the current ethical issues. Chapter five of this book which is authored by Richard M. Zaner and titled, what a wonderful world! creates a very interesting issue about human genome project. The chapter addresses several ethical issues about human cloning project that has promised the creation of a replica of human being. This chapter will help me in addressing the issue of ethics in human cloning and the relevant problems that the project has led to. Klotzko, A. J. (Ed) (2001). The Cloning Sourcebook. New York: Oxford University Press. This is an edited book that has unique and concise information on cloning. The books strength lies on its exploration on various aspects of cloning. Further, the book gives notes on each chapter covered that makes it easy to use especially in my research. The book will therefore help me address issues such as the ethical debates about human cloning. Its several topics that cover several aspects of cloning will also help me explore broadly the required ideas in my research paper Sadeghi, M. (2007). Islamic Perspectives on Human Cloning. Bioethics Press, ProQuest LLC, Journal of Human Reproduction and Genetic Ethics, 13: 2: 32+. Accessed on 8th February 2011 from This Journal article describes the Islamic perspectives on human cloning according to the views of jurists and Islamic jurisprudence. The article further explores the extent of current debate on this issue and gives out the probable dangerous outcomes of cloning. The articles will enable me get the required information on the catastrophic outcomes of human cloning as well as the various Islamic views about human cloning especially the views of jurists and Muslim world. Voneky, S. Wolfrum, R. (Eds) (2004). Human Dignity and Human Cloning. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff. Accessed on 8th February 2011 from This is a very detailed book that gives concrete information on the issue of human cloning. The book addresses the issue of human cloning in relation to human dignity. It addresses creation and human dignity in the Islamic religion as well as other religions. This book will therefore help me to relate whether cloning is detrimental to human dignity as well as the dilemmas that human cloning has caused. Running head: Human Cloning and Religion Essay Human Cloning: The Islamic Religion perspectives Name: University: Course: Tutor: Date: Abstract The development of cloning as a technology in genomics and biotechnology has been met by the highest controversies in the world. Though the technology promises answers to several issues that have disturbed the minds of many scientists, it has been met with much criticism and controversies. Scientists have for a long time anticipated about coming up with human beings through the use of cloning techniques basing their facts on the successive applications of the technology in both plants and animals. Though the therapeutic use of this technology has been accepted by most people in the world, the use of the technology in coming up with new human life has been criticized by religious groups and governments. The Islamic religion is one of the religions that have showed differing views and attitudes towards this technology. The religion does not entertain the application of this technology citing its beliefs, teachings, morals, values and ethics. This research paper explored the human cloni ng technology in regard to the perspectives of Islamic religion. Human Cloning: The Islamic Religion perspectives Introduction The issue of cloning gained fame during the year 1996 when a lamb famously known as Dolly, was born in Scotland after the mammary glands of a female adult sheep were cloned using scientific procedures. This raised the reactions that human cloning was also possible basing on the success of cloning procedures in animals. Human cloning, as described by Willgoos (2001, para 6) refers to the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer to create a human embryo which has the potential to be implanted into a womans uterus and develop into a child. Due to advancements in research, several research institutions made several attempts with high efforts to come up with human beings through cloning. However according to Klotzko (2001) these attempts in research on human cloning have been met with mixed reactions in the political, scientific, and religious arenas. Though no scientist has announced success in cloning human beings, most nations have strictly addresses the idea and possibility of achieving positive results in human cloning with several groups citing the potential implications, moral responses as well as the legal aspects involved in the cloning of human beings. The religious sector has been in the forefront in addressing the issue of human cloning with religions having varied views and attitudes about the human cloning issue (Sadeghi, 2007). The Islamic religion is noted as one of the religions that had varied views throughout the advancements in human cloning research. This essay addresses the ethical debate surrounding the issue of human cloning in a broader perspective. The essay briefly explores the major risks and benefits that cloning as a scientific aspect can lead to especially in the case of human beings. In a deeper insight, this essay paper addresses the various religious views about human cloning in respect to the Islamic religion especially around conception and life. The Ethical Debate Surrounding Human Cloning Since scientists identified in 1998 that through isolation and culturing of embryonic cells in human beings they could come up with genetically modified cells of human beings that could be used in therapeutic measures, heated debates arose with concerns over the ethical use of human cells in therapy. Continued advancements saw scientists arguing that they could as well clone human beings. This raised concerns about the perceived success of cloning technology with several politicians and religious groups terming the procedure as primitive and unethical (Klotzko, 2001). The debate about the ethics about human cloning was however met with criticisms with several groups becoming hostile and skeptical. Caplan (2001) describes the ethical debate as having raised hostility and skepticism towards human cloning issue. Skeptical views raised by several personalities as argued by Cahill (2006) were based on the idea that the influential supporters of cloning were only aiming at achieving their hidden agendas hence their committed efforts to advance the scientific idea. Cahill (2006) denotes that further skeptical issues were about the constitutional and fundamental rights of the Americans that allowed them to reproduce through any means. Moreover, scientists argued that the advancement of science should not be hindered by ethical debates against what they perceived as the golden chances of scientific breakthroughs as well as avenues of gaining fame (Sadeghi, 2007). The issue of ethics in human cloning was therefore termed as of low relevance since the technology is seen as having potential in scientific advancements. However, as denoted by Klotzko (2001), governments such as the American government have withdrawn their funding in cloning research projects as well as passing laws banning research in human cloning. As ethical debates had stopped the use of several technologies since the World War II, the success of ethics in regard to human cloning has been seen as of no potency (Klotzko, 2001).The lack of potency regarding ethics in human cloning can be seen through the continuous defeat of bills tabled before the Congress that aimed at banning cloning in human beings. With continued debates and legislative measures and initiatives aimed at banning human cloning, it remains doubtful whether these initiatives will be fruitful (Klotzko, 2001). Implications of Human Cloning The idea of cloning human beings as noted by Gillon in Klotzko (2001) has not been positively addressed. With several countries banning research in human cloning and having been termed by the World Health Organization as ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality (Gillon in Klotzko, 2001, p 184), only the negative implications and disapprovals of this technology are highly perceived. Gillon (in Klotzko, 2001, p 184) denotes that human cloning; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ treats people as means and not as ends, undermines human dignity, human rights, personal autonomy, personality, individuality, and individual uniqueness; it turns people into carbon copies, photocopies, stencils, and fakes; it would be dangerous and harmful to those to whom it was done, as well as to their families; it would particularly harm the women who would be bearing the babies (p. 184). Further, human cloning has been cited by the European parliament as an unjust procedure that contravenes the equality nature of human beings as well as leading to discrimination in women (Cahill, 2006). There are two major types of cloning that have raised negative concerns. The first one is the type of human cloning that involves the extraction of a human embryo cell and then cloning it to achieve an embryo of identical nature. The other type of cloning that was exercised during the cloning of the Dolly sheep includes the extraction of the nucleus from a cell and then inserting it into a sac of the other nucleus cell to be cloned (Howie, 2002). Despite the discussed moral and ethical issues that term human cloning as a detrimental procedure, there are several proponents of the procedure who cite several benefits (Willgoos, 2001). Scientists and politicians as noted by Willgoos (2001) have cited that research on human cloning must be continued since this procedure promises a great potential in the development of science and medicine as well as benefiting the existence of human beings. Agnihotri (2008) argues that the procedures and techniques involved in human cloning can be used in the production of therapies for cure of infectious and serious diseases such as diabetes, cancer, heart diseases as well as in the transplantation of organs. Further, cloning can be used as a research tool that can be useful in the scientific revolution especially in revolutionalizing study of cells. Therefore, cloning becomes useful in the study of cell differentiation in biotechnology and medicine (Agnihotri, 2008). Human Cloning and Islam The issue of cloning has taken central debate in the Islamic religion. Though Muslims are rarely interested in the technology, they are much concerned with the overall biological, social and ethical impacts of the procedures involved in cloning. The central tenets of Islamic perspectives on human cloning are centered on at least three major perspectives (Voneky Wolfrum, 2004). The first issue is on how human embryonic cloning goes contrary to the ethical teachings and beliefs of Islam and whether it can be accepted in the religion. Secondly, the consequences of cloning to the Islamic society in particular and the general society is of particular interest and thirdly, the Islamic consideration of the stage at which a developing embryo can be termed as a living being is also a central issue (Sadeghi, 2007). Human Cloning and Ethics in Islam The Islamic ethical frameworks as well as the religious and social teachings regarding human life are the most critical issues about human cloning in the Islamic religion. As argued by Cahill (2006), Muslims question about human cloning basing their arguments on the teachings of the Quran that view human beings as distinct creations from God and hence no person should try to act as God. Cahill (2006) further denotes that the Islamic teaching relate the cloning of human beings as attempts to copy the work of God and is bound to lead to various errors in marital relationships. As argued by Caplan (2001), this has the capacity of disintegrating the family composition as well as tampering with the social lives of most human beings. Further, the Islamic religion questions the procedure arguing that it automatically interferes with the growth of families as well as affecting aspects of motherhood and fatherhood. Rab Khayat (n.d) show the Muslims argument that God created a female and a male so that the two could join hands and form a family through procreation. It was the wish of God that a man and a woman shall together procreate in order to fill the earth. It therefore becomes questionable what the role of marriage would play if several individuals are able to come up with human beings through cloning. This as noted by Klotzko(2001) means that a man will not be in need of a woman and vice verse hence contravening the wishes of God , the creator of human beings. Though Cahill (2006) does not state this aspect, in biological perspectives, it becomes obvious that a man may turn out to be superfluous contrary to females whose ova and uterus will be in much need. As denoted by Caplan (2001), this fact is enough to create a corruption of the societal functioning as well as affecting the natural balance since human cloning is believed to interfere with all the functions of interpersonal relations. According to Islamic teachings, the relationship between spouses signifies the cornerstone of the functioning of social institutions that was the reason why Allah created a male and a female and blessed them to become one entity. Therefore the connection of a man and a female as demanded by religion is contravened by the manipulation of embryo through human cloning. Though Muslims hold a unanimous endorsement on the use of cloning in therapeutical advancements, Sadeghi (2007) argues that the Sunni and Shiites demand that the lineage of a child must not in any instance be religiously blemished. Due to this, the Islamic religion as denoted by Howie (2002) therefore demands that the lineage involved in the reproduction must not be contravened through procedures such as human cloning and hence must be bound within the limits of spousal associations. The Islamic stand regarding human cloning based on the religions teachings, morals, beliefs and ethics therefore is that cloning of human embryo is a moral as well as religious contravention and therefore the technology must not be employed in any aspect apart from in therapy (Howie, 2002). The consequences of cloning to the Islamic society are also key issues about this technology to the Islamic religion. According to the religion, due to the advancement of this technology, there are fears about the ability of human beings to regenerate naturally (Howie, 2002). Therefore this technology acts contrary to the values and systems in which the human nature has acted within since history. Due to the consequences that human cloning holds, then the Islamic religion is justified to act against all forms of human cloning. According to Klotzko (2001), though Islam as a religion encourages the development of research as noted by Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qaradawi one of the leading Islamic researchers, the creation of new human beings through artificial ways however contravenes the morals of the religion. This therefore creates a very big twist in the perception of human cloning and therefore becomes a very difficult issue to address even in the contemporary society (Howie, 2002). Conception and Islamic Religion Since this research aimed at also addressing the religious views about conception, it is worth to scrutinize the Islamic views about conception and life. Human cloning is believed to in the first place tamper with the natural development of the embryos (Sadeghi, 2007). A seminar held in Kuwait in 1985 addressed the issue of Human life with key insights on inception with particular interest on the Islamic religious beliefs and teachings. This seminar believed that inception consists of three stages. The first stage as described in the seminar was the fertilization stage of ova and sperm to form the zygote where the genetic composition is developed. The second stage is when the fertilized zygote is implanted in the womb while the third stage is reached when life is embedded into the developing fetus which according to Islam starts at day 120 after inception (Al-Mazkur et al, 1985). According to the teachings of Islam, since conception, an embryo is considered as a living thing and therefore must not be tampered with even through abortion. However, the moment when life is embedded into the embryo, it acquires full human status which occurs 120 days after inception. This shows that Islam as a religion does not in its full status prohibit early embryonic research though it questions the ethical and moral ways through which this research is carried out (Sadeghi, 2007). Conclusion and Recommendations The issue of human cloning has taken central debates in the contemporary world. This research has established that though research in medicine and science holds a promising advancement through cloning, the technology is under much criticism. From government bans, withdrawal of funding for research to religious concerns, research in human cloning has not been simple to conduct. The Islamic religion though does not prohibit therapeutic cloning has been against human cloning technology citing ethical, moral, as well as religious beliefs and values against the technology. Further, with the detrimental consequences that outweigh the merits, the technology remains a prohibition throughout the world. It is therefore necessary to recommend that though scientists aim at advancing research in science, the debate on human cloning should not be centered on the scientific merits only. Further, scientific advances cannot be termed as threats to religious belief and values but the human culture and values must be borne into the minds of all the stakeholders involved in human cloning research and development. I can therefore recommend that since the world aims at advancing in technology and research, constructive dialogue is necessary that will enable the development of consensus regarding all the aspects of an upcoming technology.

Technology Essay -- Argumentative Technological Papers

Technology In the following paper I am going to attempt to discuss the hindering effects of technology. How technology affects the laziness of our children, desensitizes our otherwise compassionate human race, and may eventually lead us to our doom. Also in this paper I will attempt to discuss some benefits of modern technology as relating to family and communal prosperity. Since the invention of Eli Whitneys cotton gin back in the 1800s men have had their brains full steam ahead on the idea of technology and its advancement into our everyday lives. Leading us up to the present day where we can have a hot cooked neucro meal at the push of the button. Our music no longer has to be cranked by hand, in fact our latest CD players can hold up to a hundred CDs or more. So what's wrong with quick hot meals and hours of aural pleasure? To that I say nothing, but for example; weve come up with these microwaveable dinners full of long unpronounceable words, and we start to feed these to our children nigh tly. Then after dinner the kiddies get into their un-smoged turbo diesel Benz and pop a CD into the player then they crank the music up to 90db. Ten years from now your kid is going to be nothing but a def ball of preservatives. What I am getting at is this, the advancement of technology only leads to an escalation of our demands for more wants and needs. Example; Henry Ford makes a great car. Now-a-days we need a fast, fuel burning, back firing, confederate flag wavein, diesel truck. Ok so what about TV? Well, TV was a cool invention; then we got color TV, then a remote for the TV, next surround sound, VCRs, video games (more remotes), and finally today, what do we have? Epileptic Japanimation. As I have pointed out, technology help... ...uge beneficial role these communities play in today's society. Being able to hold entire town meetings online is a likely next step. But with these electronic communities, I worry about our real community. I just hope while people online seem more than willing to help, that we don't forget to smile at passing strangers, or hold a door open for a woman with her infant. Because it has proven over time that as technology increases and we better our technology further, leading us to become more dependant on our new machines and their shiny gadgets. I urge this; Live your life to the fullest, enjoy what modern comforts we can provide, but don't forget to think about what life would be like without technology. We might actually have to meet our neighbors face to face! Works Cited Holeton, Richard. Composing Cyberspace. San Francisco, California: McGraw Hill, 1998